Volume 11, No. 2, 2017
Received: 2017/03/06, Accepted:
Authors:
Mohammed Taleb Obaidat;
Abstract:
The effect of camera configuration; namely the base/focal length (b/f) ratio, on camera calibration parameters of a planar constraint facility was investigated. A planar calibration facility with 378 points 10 cm apart was constructed. A rolling platform that permitted variable base of stereo camera configuration, using one camera
or two, was also designed. However, one camera was used for the stereo configuration utilized in this research work. Combinations of 11, 16, 25 and 45 mm focal settings and 40, 60 and 80 cm bases were used. This
produced a range of b/f ratio ranging from 8.9 to 72.7. A mathematical algorithm and a software package were developed to calibrate hand-held Charge-Coupled-Device (CCD) cameras using a planar facility with fourdistance control. A parametric study was carried out to investigate the b/f ratio effect on calibration parameters.
Propagation of variance and covariance of unknown residuals of image point and control distance computations, least-square mathematical model efficiency and potential accuracy of 3-D measurement computations were used to investigate the efficiency of this study. Experimental results showed that using b/f ratio between 20 and
70 was the optimal mapping configuration that had the capability of modelling the entire interior geometry of camera lens and plane coefficients accurately, as well as precisely computing the standard deviation of unknowns. Increasing the b/f ratio would produce a shift and instability in the principal point, a decrease in the affine scaling parameter and stability in the decentering distortion parameters and number of iterations. Increasing the camera base at constant focal setting would decrease the standard deviations of calibration parameters and increase reliability of the computed 3-D coordinates.
Keywords:
Camera configuration, Camera calibration, Focal length, Scale, Base, Off-the-shelf vision systems, CCD-cameras, Planar constraints, Lens distortion